Anúncio foi feito pela ministra de Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Sustentável da Colômbia, Irene Vélez Torres, durante encontro de ministros da Organização do Tratado de Cooperação Amazônica (OTCA) na COP30.
Em um gesto histórico anunciado durante a 30ª Conferência das Nações Unidas sobre Mudanças Climáticas (COP30), a Colômbia se tornou o primeiro país amazônico a declarar toda a sua porção do bioma como uma zona livre de petróleo e de atividades de grande mineração. A informação foi anunciada pela ministra de Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Sustentável do país, Irene Vélez Torres, durante encontro de ministros da Organização do Tratado de Cooperação Amazônica (OTCA).
Torres fez um apelo para que todos os países sigam o exemplo para construção de uma “aliança amazônica pela vida”. A declaração coloca pressão sobre as demais nações da região poucas semanas após o Brasil autorizar a exploração de petróleo na Foz do Amazonas, no projeto da Petrobras para perfurar o bloco 59.
Vélez Torres anunciou toda Amazônia colombiana como “zona de reserva de recursos naturais renováveis”, afirmando que este é o primeiro passo para proteção de toda a Amazônia, que se estende por nove países na América do Sul.
“É um ato de soberania ambiental e um chamado fraterno aos demais países amazônicos, porque a Amazônia não conhece fronteiras e sua proteção exige que caminhemos juntos”, afirmou Vélez Torres, ao lado da ministra Marina Silva, do Meio Ambiente e Mudança do Clima (MMA) do Brasil.
Chamado para uma ‘Aliança Amazônica pela Vida’
Durante a reunião, Vélez Torres conclamou os nove países da OTCA a formarem uma Aliança Amazônica pela Vida, articulando políticas de biodiversidade, clima, água e enfrentamento aos crimes ambientais. A ministra defendeu que a floresta se torne “o coração da ação climática e da justiça ambiental”.
Segundo ela, proteger a Amazônia não é um obstáculo ao desenvolvimento: “A floresta é uma só. Os rios não têm fronteiras e a vida também não. Cuidar da Amazônia não é um sacrifício econômico, é uma decisão ética e científica. É uma aposta pelo futuro da região e da humanidade”.
A proteção do bioma está alinhada ao Plano Nacional de Contenção da Desflorestação e ao compromisso colombiano para cumprimento do Acordo de Paris (2015). Também fortalece a agenda de transição energética justa promovida pelo governo de Gustavo Petro, que tem defendido internacionalmente o fim progressivo dos combustíveis fósseis.
Contradição à brasileira
Durante o encontro de ministros da Amazônia, Marina Silva voltou a reforçar a proposta apresentada pelo presidente Lula (PT) para construção de um roteiro consensuado na COP30 para o fim dos combustíveis fósseis. Segundo a ministra, o país compreende as contradições que o setor tem imposto ao Brasil, e defendeu que a agenda programática para a saída dos combustíveis fósseis é uma necessidade urgente.
Marina também defendeu a cooperação dos países no combate às “emissões de CO2 por desmatamento, carvão e petróleo”, mas não comentou sobre a recente liberação para exploração na costa amazônica.
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