Supremo Tribunal Federal derrubou decisão da Justiça do Trabalho que reconhecia vínculo de emprego
A Primeira Turma do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) decidiu nesta terça-feira (5) que não há vínculo de emprego entre motoristas de aplicativo e as empresas que operam as plataformas. O entendimento vale para todas as plataformas.
O colegiado julgou uma decisão da Justiça do Trabalho de Minas Gerais que reconheceu vínculo de emprego entre um motorista e a plataforma Cabify.
Em seu voto, o relator do processo, ministro Alexandre de Moraes, afirmou que a Justiça Trabalhista tem descumprido reiteradamente precedentes do plenário do Supremo sobre a inexistência de relação de emprego entre as empresas de aplicativos e os motoristas.
Para o ministro, a Constituição admite outras relações de trabalho. “Aquele que faz parte da Cabify, da Uber, do iFood, ele tem a liberdade de aceitar as corridas que quer. Ele tem a liberdade de fazer o seu horário e tem a liberdade de ter outros vínculos”, justificou.
O voto de Moraes foi seguido pelos ministros Cristiano Zanin, Luiz Fux e Cármen Lucia.
Apesar de não reconhecer o vínculo de emprego, Cármen Lúcia demonstrou preocupação com o futuro dos trabalhadores e a falta de regulamentação de direitos. “Nos preocupamos com esse modelo, o que não significa adotar o modelo da legislação trabalhista como se fosse uma forma de resolver. Não tenho dúvida de que, em 20 anos ou menos, teremos um gravíssimo problema social e previdenciário. As pessoas que ficam nesse sistema de ‘uberização’ não têm os direitos sociais garantidos na Constituição por ausência de serem suportados por uma legislação”, afirmou.
Durante o julgamento, o advogado Márcio Eurico Vitral Amaro, representante da Cabify, alegou que o modelo de trabalho da empresa não pode ser considerado como relação de emprego, nos moldes da Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho (CLT). Amaro ponderou que as mudanças tecnológicas também refletiram no mercado de trabalho.
“Aqueles conceitos clássicos da relação de emprego não se aplicam a essas novas formas de trabalho humano. Essas formas não cabem nos limitadíssimos marcos e limites da CLT”, afirmou.
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